abstract：:When a horizontal bar is presented after a single dot is shown at one of its ends, an illusory motion is seen which has been dubbed "motion induction" in the literature. The phenomenon has been attributed to a facilitation process which asymmetrically modulates the inputs to motion detectors, for instance by some sort...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Zanker JM

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adaptation to the simple visual displacement of prisms was compared to that for refractive lenses, which have a varied prismatic effect. Subjects were made myopic using contact lenses, then corrected using spectacle lenses. The effect on the perceived direction of a randomly located target was assessed from pointing b...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Tuan KM,Jones R

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Investigations of binocular visual direction have concentrated mainly on stationary objects. Eye positions were generally not measured and binocular fixation was assumed to be perfect. During the viewing of stationary objects, vergence errors are not negligible but small. During the viewing of moving objects, however,...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Erkelens CJ,Van EE R

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR)-optokinetic reflex (OKR) interaction was studied in normal human subjects during active sine-like head movements in the horizontal plane for a variety of vestibular-optokinetic stimulus combinations (frequency range, 0.05-1.6 Hz). At low to mid frequencies (< 0.2 Hz) the eyes tended to be...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Schweigart G,Mergner T,Evdokimidis I,Morand S,Becker W

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have used the minimum-motion stimulus of Cavanagh, MacLeod & Anstis [(1987) Journal of the Optical Society of America A, 4, 1428-1438] to examine how signals along different directions in color space interact in motion perception. Stimuli were pairs of counterphasing gratings combined 90 deg out of phase in both sp...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Webster MA,Mollon JD

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A wide range of rest/stimulus cycle durations (40-360 sec) is reported to have been used by various groups for MRI neuroactivation studies of the visual cortex. In this paper we demonstrate a clear habituation-like response for longer cycle durations which results in a halving of apparent activation between cycle dura...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Condon B,McFadzean R,Hadley DM,Bradnam MS,Shahani U

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Deuteranomalous trichromacy is the most common form of inherited color-vision deficiency. A modern description of its cause is a single abnormality: the normal middle-wave cone photopigment (M) is replaced by a shifted middle-wave pigment (M) that is shared by all deuteranomalous trichromats. This explanation, however...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Shevell SK,He JC

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Foveal pathway visual function was assessed in 11 patients having tumours extending into the suprasellar region but without evidence of visual impairment as assessed by visual acuity and Bjerrum screen campimetry. Psychophysical and routine visual evoked potential (VEP) measurements were obtained from the eye ipsilate...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Gutowski NJ,Heron JR,Scase MO

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Spatio-temporal boundary formation (SBF) refers to a perceptual process responsible for perception of moving, bounded surfaces from sequential changes in spatially separated local elements. Previous research has indicated that this process produces perception of global form, continuous boundaries and global motion fro...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Shipley TF,Kellman PJ

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glutamate transporters in the tiger salamander retina were studied by autoradiographic and intracellular recording techniques. When the retina was incubated with 15 microM L-[3H]glutamate, photoreceptors and Muller cells were labeled, indicating that these cells had high-affinity glutamate uptake transporters. A much ...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Yang JH,Wu SM

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Contrast detection performance is known to be better for single component sinusoidal gratings than for sums of gratings at different orientations. A recent study Rovamo et al. (1994) (Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 35, 2611-2619) showed that spatial integration is less effective for multiple orientati...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Näsänen R,Syväjärvi A,Rovamo J

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We evaluated the relative orientations of the displacement planes of the two eyes under various conditions: fixations of nearby targets, of far targets and targets presented dichoptically at optical infinity. We show that disparity driven vergence is not always required to rotate the primary positions. We find that ey...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Bruno P,van den Berg AV

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine the physical size and global three-dimensional (3-D) shape of an object, retinal size and retinal disparity have to be scaled in accordance with the object's distance. We examined whether the distance used for scaling retinal disparity is the same as the distance used for scaling retinal size. Subjects ad...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： van Damme W,Brenner E

更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have tested whether defocus imposed on local retinal areas can produce local changes in eye growth, even if accommodation is available to clear part of the imposed defocus. Hemi-field lenses were attached to little leather hoods that were worn by young chickens from day 11-15 post-hatching. The lens segments defocu...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Diether S,Schaeffel F

更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thresholds for detecting the angle of rotation of vertical symmetrical patterns containing few or no explicit vertical or horizontal contours were found to be almost as low as those for an actual vertical line extending approximately the same range. This hyperacuity performance, which we refer to as implicit orientati...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Li W,Westheimer G

更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cortical visual evoked potentials (VEPs) in response to gratings temporally modulated in counterphase were recorded in normal and dark-reared pigmented rats. Temporal modulation was either sinusoidal (0.25-15 Hz, steady state condition) or abrupt (0.5 Hz, transient condition). In normals, the amplitude spectrum of con...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Pizzorusso T,Fagiolini M,Porciatti V,Maffei L

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In all mammals, the mitochondria of the cones of the retina are concentrated in the inner segment. Uniquely in tree-shrews (Tupaia, Scandentia, Mammalia), a "megamitochondrion" exhibiting highly specialized systems of densely packed cristae and a very electron dense matrix, is located apically in the inner segment. Th...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Knabe W,Skatchkov S,Kuhn HJ

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have investigated first-order artifacts in second-order motion perception. Subjects were required to identify the orientation and direction of a drifting sinusoidal contrast modulation. When the carrier consisted of static two-dimensional noise, performance often reflected the use of first-order artifacts that aris...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Smith AT,Ledgeway T

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A static or counterphase (target) grating surrounded by drifting (inducer) gratings is perceived to move in the direction opposite that of the inducers. We compared the relative magnitudes of these simultaneous motion contrasts generated by both first-order and second-order stimuli. The first-order stimuli were sinuso...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Nishida S,Edwards M,Sato T

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The factors potentially determining the dynamics of horizontal cell (HC) responses are: (1) the rate of transmitter release (including its transient component) and removal; (2) the voltage non-linearity of HC non-synaptic membrane combined with its capacitance; and (3) the dynamics of feedback from HCs to photorecepto...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Maximov VV,Byzov AL

更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:First a model is presented that accurately summarizes the dynamic properties of cat horizontal (H-) cells under photopic conditions as measured in our previous work. The model predicts that asymmetries in response to dark as compared to light flashes are flash-duration dependent. This somewhat surprising prediction is...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： van de Grind WA,Lankheet MJ,van Wezel RJ,Rowe MH,Hulleman J

更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is not known how glutamate released synaptically in the outer plexiform layer of the retina is inactivated. Since there is no extracellular enzymatic degradation, glutamate released from photoreceptors is taken up intracellularly by at least one of the three transporters known, and metabolized by a glutamate degrad...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Derouiche A

更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Peripheral vision serves to direct our attention and fixation to objects of interest. This requires that the visual system be capable of accurately localizing peripherally presented targets having different spatial structures. The question we address is "to what extent does stimulus spatial structure influence the pre...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Levi DM,Tripathy SP

更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thresholds for the detection of rotation and divergence in the presence of a translational component in sparse random dot patterns are determined for human observers and two computer algorithms. The algorithms only make use of local velocity directions and not of local velocity magnitude (speed). The results show that...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Kappers AM,te Pas SF,Koenderink JJ,van Doorn AJ

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:If the spatial-frequency of sinusoidal signals in a contrast-detection experiment varies randomly from trial to trial, then performance is decreased compared with that in a situation where it remains constant. This spatial-frequency uncertainty effect can more or less be compensated by presenting informative cues shor...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Hübner R

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We evaluated the level of intraocular light scatter in a group of patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) who had minimal or no lens opacities, since such patients not infrequently complain of photoaversion. Intraocular light scatter was measured in 20 patients with RP who were < 60 years of age and who had no more th...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Alexander KR,Fishman GA,Derlacki DJ

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Though the human eye generally creates a single image on the retina, the literature contains many examples showing perceptual monocular diplopia. Previously, monocular diplopia resulting from astigmatic defocus has been demonstrated to cause a notch (local minimum) in the contrast sensitivity function (CSF). We examin...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Woods RL,Bradley A,Atchison DA

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mach bands are illusory bright and dark bands seen where a luminance plateau meets a ramp, as in half-shadows or penumbras. A tremendous amount of work has been devoted to studying the psychophysics and the potential underlying neural circuitry concerning this phenomenon. A number of theoretical models also have been ...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Pessoa L

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The number and nature of spatial channels tuned to low spatial frequencies in photopic vision was examined by measuring individual differences in the contrast sensitivity functions (CSFs) of seven visually normal adults. Stationary, 51 cd/m2, low spatial frequency sinusoidal gratings between 0.27 and 2.16 c/deg were u...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Peterzell DH,Teller DY

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A visual illusion is reported which comprises the following: when a monitor with a moving constant velocity grating is swayed in front of a subject, the grating may be perceived as freezing or decelerating on the screen. This percept appears to depend on the magnitude and direction of the retinal grating velocity, rel...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Mesland BS,Wertheim AH

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The foveal region of the retina has a yellow pigmentation composed primarily of the carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin. Past studies have shown that cigarette smoking depresses carotenoid concentrations in the blood. This is the first report on the effects of cigarette smoking on carotenoids in the retina. Macular pigm...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Hammond BR Jr,Wooten BR,Snodderly DM

更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Subjects observed a random dot pattern that moved horizontally with modulated velocity within an invisible aperture. The velocity contrast, (V2-V1)/V1, was 2/3. Two different percepts occurred while observing this stimulus. At lower modulation frequencies, between 2 and 12 Hz, velocity changes were clearly seen; this ...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Mateeff S,Hohnsbein J

更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The perceived blur of drifting sinusoidal gratings was compared to that of static, blurred "square wave" gratings before and after adaptation to a missing fundamental (MF) pattern. The results indicate that the perceived blur of a drifting sine grating is inversely related to its drift speed. However, after adaptation...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Hammett ST,Bex PJ

更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Trout lens external shape and internal refractive index gradient structure were measured and used to construct an optical lens model that predicts by ray tracing the average longitudinal spherical and chromatic aberration, focal length and image quality. The nearly spherical shape of the lens was measured from photogr...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Jagger WS,Sands PJ

更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the perception of local surface orientation on a simple smooth object, under several different illumination conditions. The perceived local orientation was determined for several points on the surface and quantified as slant and tilt of the local tangent plane. We found an underestimation of the percei...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Mamassian P,Kersten D

更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated Werner's binocular depth-contrast effect. Subjects viewed stereograms consisting of a test pattern and an inducing pattern. The half-images of the inducing pattern were either horizontally scaled or sheared relative to each other. Subjects judged the (induced) perceived slant of the test pattern. We we...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： van Ee R,Erkelens CJ

更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A computational model is proposed to account for the adaptive properties of the fly motion system. The response properties of motion-sensitive neurons in the fly are modelled using an underdamped adaptive scheme to adjust the time constants of delay filters in an array of Reichardt detectors. It is shown that the incr...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Clifford CW,Langley K

更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Direction-discrimination performance was measured for two-frame random-dot kinematograms in which one or both frames were spatial frequency filtered with a one octave band-pass filter and the centre frequency of this filter was varied in the range 0.75-9 c/deg independently for each frame. When both frames were filter...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Ledgeway T

更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sex differences in macular pigment (MP) optical density (measured psychophysically) were examined. Concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin (L and Z) (non-separated) and beta-carotene (BC) in the blood were determined using reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Dietary intake of L and Z, BC, fat, and ir...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Hammond BR Jr,Curran-Celentano J,Judd S,Fuld K,Krinsky NI,Wooten BR,Snodderly DM

更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Various studies indicate the existence of non-Fourier visual mechanisms that can extract non-luminance cues (e.g., contrast modulation) as well as a Fourier mechanism that deals with luminance variation only. We compared the pattern discrimination performance of the non-Fourier mechanism with that of the Fourier mecha...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Lin LM,Wilson HR

更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00